// Numbas version: exam_results_page_options {"name": "Divisibilidad", "metadata": {"description": "
Divisibilidad, factores primos, mínimo común múltiplo y el máximo común divisor de números dados.
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Esta es una pregunta simple que evalúa al estudiante su capacidad para calcular el mínimo común múltiplo de dos números que son:\n\nParte a) - primos entre sí;\n\nParte b) - donde el máximo común divisor entre los dos números enteros es mayor que uno y no es igual a ningún número dado; y\n\nParte c): donde uno de los números enteros es múltiplo del otro.
", "licence": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International"}, "statement": "
El mínimo común múltiplo de dos números es el primer número que aparece en las tablas de multiplicar de ambos números.
", "advice": "

a)

\n
Aquí están las tablas de multiplicar para
\n

$\\var{a}$ and $\\var{b}$.

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
$\\var{a}$$\\var{2a}$$\\var{3a}$$\\var{4a}$$\\var{5a}$$\\var{6a}$$\\var{7a}$$\\var{8a}$$\\var{9a}$$\\var{10a}$$\\var{11a}$$\\var{12a}$$\\var{13a}$
$\\var{b}$$\\var{2b}$$\\var{3b}$$\\var{4b}$$\\var{5b}$$\\var{6b}$$\\var{7b}$$\\var{8b}$$\\var{9b}$$\\var{10b}$$\\var{11b}$$\\var{12b}$$\\var{13b}$
\n
El primer número que aparece en ambas listas es
\n

$\\var{a*b}$.

\n

Observa que $\\var{a}$ y $\\var{b}$ no tienen factores en común, por lo que el mínimo común múltiplo es el producto de ambos números

\n

\n

b)

\n

El mínimo común múltiplo de $\\var{f}$ and $\\var{g}$ es el producto, dividido por el máximo común divisor.

\n

El máximo común divisor de $\\var{f}$ y $\\var{g}$ es $\\var{gcd_fg}$.

\n

Por tanto, el mínimo común múltiplo es

\n

\\[\\frac{\\var{f}\\times\\var{g}}{\\var{gcd_fg}}=\\var{lcm_fg}\\text{.}\\]

\n

c)

\n

Como $\\var{d}$ es múltiplo de  $\\var{c}$,

\n

el mínimo común múltiplo  $\\var{c}$ y $\\var{d}$ es  $\\var{d}$.

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¿Cuál es el mínimo común múltiplo de $\\var{a}$ and $\\var{b}$? 

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¿Cuàl es el mínimo común múltiplo de $\\var{f}$ and $\\var{g}$?

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Halla el mímino común múltiplo de $\\var{c}$ and $\\var{d}$? 

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Distinguir entre \"primos\" y  \"compuestos\".

", "licence": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International"}, "statement": "
Identifica cuáles de los siguientes son números primos
", "advice": "

\n

\n

Los números y sus factores primos se ven en la tabla:

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
NumberPrime/CompositeFactors
$\\var{b}$Prime$1$, $\\var{b}$
$\\var{k}$Prime$1$, $\\var{k}$
$\\var{f}$Composite$1$, $2$, $\\var{f/2}$, $\\var{f}$
$\\var{a}$Prime$1$, $\\var{a}$
$\\var{d}$Composite$1$, $\\var{sqrtd}$, $\\var{d}$
$\\var{h}$Composite$\\var{latex(hlist)}$
$\\var{j}$Prime$1$, $\\var{j}$
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[[0]]

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$\\displaystyle\\var{b}$

", "

$\\displaystyle\\var{k}$

", "

$\\displaystyle\\var{f}$

", "

$\\displaystyle\\var{a}$

", "

$\\displaystyle\\var{d}$

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$\\displaystyle\\var{h}$

", "

$\\displaystyle\\var{j}$

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Primo

", "

Compuesto

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This question tests the student's ability to identify the factors of some composite numbers and the highest common factors of two numbers. 

", "licence": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International"}, "statement": "

Rellena las casillas vacías para que se cumpla la igualdad

", "advice": "

a)

\n

i)

\n

$\\var{fourfac}$ has four factors: $1$, $3$, $\\var{fourfac/3}$ and $\\var{fourfac}$. 

\n

It is possible to pair the factors up to prove that they are factors. 

\n

\\[
\\begin{align}
1\\times\\var{fourfac}&=\\var{fourfac}\\text{.}\\\\
3\\times\\var{fourfac/3}&=\\var{fourfac}\\text{.}\\\\
\\end{align}
\\]

\n

ii)

\n

$\\var{sixfac}$ has six factors: $1$, $2$, $3$, $\\var{sixfac/3}$, $\\var{sixfac/2}$ and $\\var{sixfac}$.

\n

Again, it is possible to pair the factors up to prove that they are factors. 

\n

\\[
\\begin{align}
1\\times\\var{sixfac}&=\\var{sixfac}\\text{.}\\\\
2\\times\\var{sixfac/2}&=\\var{sixfac}\\text{.}\\\\
3\\times\\var{sixfac/3}&=\\var{sixfac}\\text{.}\\\\
\\end{align}
\\]

\n

\n

\n

b)

\n

We now look for common factors between the two lists of factors, and the highest common factor will be the largest of these.

\n

\n

For $\\var{fourfac}$ and $\\var{sixfac}$, the highest common factor is $\\var{hc}$.

\n

c)

\n

Dividing both the numerator and denominator by the highest common factor gives:

\n

\\[ \\frac{\\var{sixfac}}{\\var{fourfac}} = \\frac{\\frac{\\var{sixfac}}{\\var{hc}}}{\\frac{\\var{fourfac}}{\\var{hc}}} = \\frac{\\var{sixfac/hc}}{\\var{fourfac/hc}}\\text{.}\\]

\n

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\n

i)        $\\var{num1}$ + [[0]] = $\\var{suma1}$

\n

\n

ii)      $\\var{num2}$ -  [[1]] =  $\\var{suma2}$

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i)        $\\var{num1}$ $\\times$ ( [[0]] ) =$\\var{producto1}$

\n

\n

ii)      $\\var{num2}$  $\\times$ ( [[1]] ) = $\\var{producto2}$

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Considera todos los números de dos cifras desde el 10 al 99.

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 ¿Cuántos de ellos  son divisibles por {n1}?

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¿Cuántos de ellos  son divisibles por {n2}?

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¿Cuántos de ellos  son divisibles por {n1} y {n2}?

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Una florista tiene {blancas} rosas blancas, {rojas} rosas rojas y  {amarillas} rosas amarillas.

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A lo sumo, ¿cuántos ramos idénticos puede hacer, utilizando todas las flores?

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¿Cuántas flores  contiene cada uno de los ramos?

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Tenemos una caja con 100 bolas de {colores} colores distintos.

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¿Cuántas bolas hay que sacar como como mínimo para obtener {bolas} bolas del mismo color?

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