// Numbas version: exam_results_page_options {"name": "Extremum of a function", "extensions": [], "custom_part_types": [], "resources": [], "navigation": {"allowregen": true, "showfrontpage": false, "preventleave": false, "typeendtoleave": false}, "question_groups": [{"pickingStrategy": "all-ordered", "questions": [{"functions": {}, "ungrouped_variables": ["amp", "persh"], "name": "Extremum of a function", "tags": [], "advice": "

Here, we determine the location and value of a specific extremum of the function

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\\[f(x)=\\simplify{{amp}cos({persh}x)}.\\]

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The location of any local maximum or minimum of $f(x)$ will occur where the derivative of $f(x)$ with respect to $x$ is zero. So first, we need the derivative of the function. It is

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\\[f'(x)=-\\simplify{{amp}{persh}}\\sin(\\simplify{{persh}x}).\\]

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Now, we set the derivative to zero and solve for $x$. We have

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\\[0=-\\simplify{{amp}{persh}}\\sin(\\simplify{{persh}x})\\]

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\\[\\Rightarrow 0=\\sin(\\simplify{{persh}x})\\]

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\\[\\Rightarrow n\\pi=\\simplify{{persh}x},\\,n\\in\\mathbb{Z}\\]

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\\[\\Rightarrow x=\\simplify{ n pi / {persh} },\\,n \\in \\mathbb{Z}.\\]

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So, the particular one which lies between $x=\\simplify{ pi / {2 {persh}}}$ and $x=\\simplify{ 3 pi / {2 {persh}}}$ (inclusive) is $x=\\simplify{ pi / {persh}}$ and the value of the function at this location is $f(x)=\\var{amp}\\cos(\\pi)=-\\var{amp}$.

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So we now have the location and value of the extrema. To determine whether it is a maximum or minimum, we could use the first or second derivative test. Here we will are asked to use the second derivative test. The second derivative of $f(x)$ is

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\\[f''(x)=-\\simplify{{amp}{persh}^2}\\cos(\\simplify{{persh}x}).\\]

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At the location of the extrema, $f''(x)$ is 

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\\[f''\\left(\\frac{\\pi}{\\var{persh}}\\right)=-\\simplify{{amp}{persh}^2}\\cos(\\pi)=\\simplify{{amp}{persh}^2}>0.\\]

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Because the second derivative is positive, we conclude that we have a local minimum of $f(x)=-\\var{amp}$ at$x=\\simplify{ pi / {persh}}$.

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The location of any local maximum or minimum of $f(x)$ will occur where the derivative of $f(x)$ with respect to $x$ is zero. The derivative of $f(x)$ is $f'(x)=$

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The locations of potential extrema are found by setting the derivative to zero and solving for $x$. Here there are infinitely many such values of $x$. The particular one which lies between $x=\\pi/\\simplify{2*{persh}}$ and $x=3\\pi/\\simplify{2*{persh}}$ (inclusive) is $x=$

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(Use exact values or at least 4 decimal place accuracy)

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The value of the function at this location is $f(x)=$

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So we now have the location and value of the extrema. To determine whether it is a maximum or minimum, we will use the second derivative test. The second derivative of $f(x)$ is $f''(x)=$

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At the location of the extrema, $f''(x)$ is $f''(x)=$

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Because this value is 

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positive, $f(x)$ has a local minimum at the location found in (b)

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positive, $f(x)$ has a local maximum at the location found in (b)

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negative, $f(x)$ has a local minimum at the location found in (b)

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negative, $f(x)$ has a local maximum at the location found in (b)

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We will determine the location and value of a specific extremum of the function $f(x)=\\simplify{{amp}cos({persh}x)}$.

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In this question, a locally extreme value (and its location) of a function will be determined.

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