// Numbas version: exam_results_page_options {"name": "Problema 1 m\u00e1ximo y m\u00ednimo Global", "extensions": [], "custom_part_types": [], "resources": [], "navigation": {"allowregen": true, "showfrontpage": false, "preventleave": false, "typeendtoleave": false}, "question_groups": [{"pickingStrategy": "all-ordered", "questions": [{"statement": "

Sea el intervalo $I=[\\var{l},\\var{m}]$ y $g: I \\rightarrow I$ una función definida en este intervalo mediante

\n

                                              :\\[g(x) = \\simplify{{c}/3*x^3+ {-c*(a+b)}/2*x^2+{c*a*b}*x+{d}}\\]

", "ungrouped_variables": ["temp2", "temp1", "gmi", "valmin", "gma", "s", "m1", "valbegin", "a", "valmax", "valgmax", "valgmin", "rawvalend", "rawvalmax", "b", "rawvalbegin", "rawvalmin", "rtemp2", "c", "rtemp1", "d", "m", "l", "valend", "l1"], "extensions": [], "variablesTest": {"condition": "", "maxRuns": 100}, "preamble": {"js": "", "css": ""}, "name": "Problema 1 m\u00e1ximo y m\u00ednimo Global", "functions": {}, "tags": [], "parts": [{"marks": 0, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "sortAnswers": false, "gaps": [{"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "notallowed": {"message": "

Factorise the expression

", "partialCredit": 0, "strings": ["^", "x*x", "xx", "x x"], "showStrings": false}, "vsetRangePoints": 5, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "checkingType": "absdiff", "showPreview": true, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "scripts": {}, "checkVariableNames": false, "expectedVariableNames": [], "musthave": {"message": "

Factorise the expression

", "partialCredit": 0, "strings": ["(", ")"], "showStrings": false}, "answer": "{c} * (x + {-a}) * (x + {-b})", "answerSimplification": "std", "showCorrectAnswer": true}], "showFeedbackIcon": true, "prompt": "

Ingrese la primera derivada de $g$, factorizada en un producto de dos factores lineales en la forma $g'(x) = c(x-a)(x-b)$ para enteros adecuados $a$, $b$ y $c$ :

\n

\n

$g'(x)=\\;\\;$[[0]]

", "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "scripts": {}, "type": "gapfill", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 0, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "sortAnswers": false, "gaps": [{"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkVariableNames": false, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "checkingType": "absdiff", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "expectedVariableNames": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "answer": "{a}", "showPreview": true, "answerSimplification": "std", "scripts": {}, "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "vsetRangePoints": 5}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkVariableNames": false, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "checkingType": "absdiff", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "expectedVariableNames": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "answer": "{b}", "showPreview": true, "answerSimplification": "std", "scripts": {}, "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "vsetRangePoints": 5}, {"marks": 0, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "shuffleChoices": true, "displayType": "radiogroup", "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "distractors": ["", ""], "choices": ["Si", "

No

"], "showFeedbackIcon": true, "showCellAnswerState": true, "maxMarks": 0, "displayColumns": 0, "matrix": [1, 0], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "minMarks": 0, "scripts": {}, "type": "1_n_2", "variableReplacements": []}], "showFeedbackIcon": true, "prompt": "

Encontrar los puntos estacionarios de $g$

\n

Punto estacionario más pequeño: [[0]]    Punto estacionario más grande: [[1]]

\n

¿Ambos puntos estacionarios se encuentran en el intervalo $I$ ? [[2]]

", "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "scripts": {}, "type": "gapfill", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 0, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "sortAnswers": false, "gaps": [{"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkVariableNames": false, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "checkingType": "absdiff", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "expectedVariableNames": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "answer": "(({(2 * c)} * x) + ( - {(c * (a + b))}))", "showPreview": true, "answerSimplification": "std", "scripts": {}, "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "vsetRangePoints": 5}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkVariableNames": false, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "checkingType": "absdiff", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "expectedVariableNames": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "answer": "{a}", "showPreview": true, "answerSimplification": "std", "scripts": {}, "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "vsetRangePoints": 5}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkVariableNames": false, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "checkingType": "absdiff", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "expectedVariableNames": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "answer": "{valmax}", "showPreview": true, "answerSimplification": "std", "scripts": {}, "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "vsetRangePoints": 5}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkVariableNames": false, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "checkingType": "absdiff", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "expectedVariableNames": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "answer": "{b}", "showPreview": true, "answerSimplification": "std", "scripts": {}, "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "vsetRangePoints": 5}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "checkVariableNames": false, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkingAccuracy": 0.001, "failureRate": 1, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "checkingType": "absdiff", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "unitTests": [], "expectedVariableNames": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "answer": "{valmin}", "showPreview": true, "answerSimplification": "std", "scripts": {}, "type": "jme", "variableReplacements": [], "vsetRangePoints": 5}], "showFeedbackIcon": true, "prompt": "

Ingrese la segunda derivada de $g$:

\n

$g''(x)=\\;\\;$ [[0]]

\n

Encuentre todos los máximos y mínimos locales dados por los puntos estacionarios.

\n

El máximo local está en $x=\\;\\;$ [[1]] y el valor de la función en el máximo local es = [[2]]

\n

El mínimo local está en $x=\\;\\;$ [[3]] y el valor de la función en el mínimo local es  = [[4]]

", "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "scripts": {}, "type": "gapfill", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 0, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "sortAnswers": false, "gaps": [{"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "mustBeReduced": false, "maxValue": "valbegin", "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "minValue": "valbegin", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "correctAnswerStyle": "plain", "allowFractions": false, "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "scripts": {}, "type": "numberentry", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "mustBeReduced": false, "maxValue": "valend", "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "minValue": "valend", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "correctAnswerStyle": "plain", "allowFractions": false, "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "scripts": {}, "type": "numberentry", "variableReplacements": []}], "showFeedbackIcon": true, "prompt": "

¿Cuáles son los valores de la función en los extremos del intervalo $I$?

\n

$g(\\var{l})=\\;\\;$ [[0]]      $g(\\var{m})=\\;\\;$ [[1]]

\n

Ingresar ambas con 3 decimales.

", "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "scripts": {}, "type": "gapfill", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 0, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "sortAnswers": false, "gaps": [{"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "mustBeReduced": false, "maxValue": "{gma}", "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "minValue": "{gma}", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "correctAnswerStyle": "plain", "allowFractions": false, "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "scripts": {}, "type": "numberentry", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "mustBeReduced": false, "maxValue": "valgmax", "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "minValue": "valgmax", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "correctAnswerStyle": "plain", "allowFractions": false, "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "scripts": {}, "type": "numberentry", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "mustBeReduced": false, "maxValue": "{gmi}", "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "minValue": "{gmi}", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "correctAnswerStyle": "plain", "allowFractions": false, "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "scripts": {}, "type": "numberentry", "variableReplacements": []}, {"marks": 1, "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "mustBeReduced": false, "maxValue": "valgmin", "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "minValue": "valgmin", "showFeedbackIcon": true, "correctAnswerStyle": "plain", "allowFractions": false, "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "scripts": {}, "type": "numberentry", "variableReplacements": []}], "showFeedbackIcon": true, "prompt": "

Máximo global

\n

¿Qué valor de $x$ en $I$, $g$ tiene un máximo global?

\n

$x=\\;\\;$ [[0]]

\n

Valor de $g$ en este máximo global = [[1]] (ingresar 3 decimales).

\n

Mínimo global

\n

¿Qué valor de $x$ en $I$, $g$ tiene un mínimo global?

\n

$x=\\;\\;$ [[2]]

\n

Valor de $g$ en este mínimo global = [[3]] (ingresar 3 decimales).

", "showCorrectAnswer": true, "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "scripts": {}, "type": "gapfill", "variableReplacements": []}], "metadata": {"licence": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International", "description": "

$I$ compact interval, $g:I\\rightarrow I,\\;g(x)=ax^3+bx^2+cx+d$. Find stationary points, local and global maxima and minima of $g$ on $I$

\n

$ I $ intervalo compacto, $ g: I \\ rightarrow I, \\; g (x) = ax ^ 3 + bx ^ 2 + cx + d $. Encuentre puntos estacionarios, máximos locales y globales y mínimos de $ g $ en $ I $

"}, "advice": "

Diferenciando,tenemos

\n

\\[g'(x)=\\simplify{{c}*x^2+{-c*(a+b)}*x+{c*a*b}={c}*(x+{-a})(x-{b})}\\]

\n

Tenga en cuenta que ya hemos factorizado la derivada.

\n

Los puntos estacionarios se obtienen resolviendo. $g'(x)=0 \\Rightarrow x=\\var{a},\\;\\;\\mbox {o }  x=\\var{b}$

\n

El menor punto estacionario es $x=\\var{a}$ y el más grande es $x=\\var{b}$.

\n

Puesto $\\var{a} > \\var{l}$ y $\\var{b} \\lt \\var{m}$ tenemos que ambos puntos estacionarios están en $I$.

\n

La segunda derivada viene dada por \\[g''(x)=\\simplify{{2*c}*x-{c*(a+b)}}\\]

\n

Máximo local 

\n

En el punto estacionario $x=\\var{a}$ tenemos $g''(\\var{a})=\\var{c*a-c*b} \\lt 0$.

\n

por lo tanto en este valor de $x$ tenemos un máximo local.

\n

El valor de la función $g$ en este máximo local es $g(\\var{a})= \\var{valmax}$.

\n

Mínimo local

\n

en el punto estacionario $x=\\var{b}$ tenemos $g''(\\var{b})=\\var{c*b-c*a} \\gt 0$.

\n

en consecuencia este punto es un mínimo local.

\n

El valor de la función $g$ en este mínimo local es $g(\\var{b})= \\var{valmin}$.

\n

Máximo global 

\n

Primero encontramos los valores en los extremos del intervalo. $I=[\\var{l},\\var{m}]$ son:

\n

$g(\\var{l})=\\var{valbegin}$  con 3 decimales.

\n

$g(\\var{m})=\\var{valend}$ con 3 decimales.

\n

Para encontrar el máximo global, tenga en cuenta que solo nos preocupan los valores de $g$ en el intervalo de $I$

\n

Procedemos  a comparar los valores de la función en los extremos del intervalo con el máximo local.

\n

a) Si el valor en el máximo local es mayor que cualquiera de los valores en los extremos, entonces este es el máximo global en el intervalo.
b) De lo contrario, si el mayor valor de la función en los puntos extremos es mayor que el máximo local, entonces este es el máximo global.

\n

\n

\\[\\begin{array}{c|c|c|c} x & \\mbox{máximo local}=\\var{a} & \\var{l} \\in I & \\var{m} \\in I \\\\ \\hline\\\\ g(x)& \\var{valmax} & \\var{valbegin} & \\var{valend} \\\\ \\end{array} \\]

\n

Para nuestro ejemplo, vemos que el máximo global ocurre en $x=\\var{gma}$ y $g(\\var{gma})=\\var{valgmax}$.

\n

Mínimo Global

\n

Procedemos como en el máximo global, comparando los valores de la función en los extremos del intervalo con el mínimo local.
a) Si el valor en el mínimo local es menor que cualquiera de los valores en los extremos del intervalo, entonces este es el mínimo global en el intervalo.
b) De lo contrario, si el valor mínimo de la función en los extremos del intervalo es menor que el mínimo local, entonces este es el mínimo global.

\n

\\[\\begin{array}{c|c|c|c} x & \\mbox{mínimo local}=\\var{b} & \\var{l} \\in I & \\var{m} \\in I \\\\ \\hline\\\\ g(x)& \\var{valmin} & \\var{valbegin} & \\var{valend} \\\\ \\end{array} \\]

\n

Para nuestro ejemplo, vemos que el máximo global ocurre en t $x=\\var{gmi}$ y $g(\\var{gmi})=\\var{valgmin}$.

", "variable_groups": [], "variables": {"gmi": {"description": "", "name": "gmi", "definition": "if(valbeginvalmax,m,a)", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "templateType": "anything"}, "a": {"description": "", "name": "a", "definition": "s*random(1..5)", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "templateType": "anything"}, "m": {"description": "", "name": "m", "definition": "if(valmax=temp2,m1+0.5,m1)", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "templateType": "anything"}, "m1": {"description": "", "name": "m1", "definition": "b+random(0.5..3#0.5)", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "templateType": "anything"}}, "rulesets": {"std": ["all", "!collectNumbers", "fractionNumbers", "!noLeadingMinus"]}, "type": "question", "contributors": [{"name": "Bill Foster", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/6/"}, {"name": "Christian Lawson-Perfect", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/7/"}, {"name": "Luis Hernandez", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/2870/"}]}]}], "contributors": [{"name": "Bill Foster", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/6/"}, {"name": "Christian Lawson-Perfect", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/7/"}, {"name": "Luis Hernandez", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/2870/"}]}