// Numbas version: exam_results_page_options {"name": "Rotational constant and bond length from line spacing", "extensions": [], "custom_part_types": [], "resources": [["question-resources/image_DTrtxfw.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_DTrtxfw.png"], ["question-resources/image_gxf2p8m.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_gxf2p8m.png"], ["question-resources/image_YiGalQz.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_YiGalQz.png"], ["question-resources/image_izx86lb.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_izx86lb.png"], ["question-resources/image_EFznxB4.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_EFznxB4.png"], ["question-resources/image_QRX8AOx.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_QRX8AOx.png"], ["question-resources/image_SkqSr5d.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_SkqSr5d.png"], ["question-resources/image_RvwZ0jx.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_RvwZ0jx.png"], ["question-resources/image_jI1pj1c.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_jI1pj1c.png"], ["question-resources/image_m7iIRpR.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_m7iIRpR.png"], ["question-resources/image_e6HMPkZ.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_e6HMPkZ.png"], ["question-resources/image_Hbraekd.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_Hbraekd.png"], ["question-resources/image_fPp87EN.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_fPp87EN.png"], ["question-resources/image_lrBQiRH.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_lrBQiRH.png"], ["question-resources/image_Eyq56eh.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_Eyq56eh.png"], ["question-resources/image_FjdLy57.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_FjdLy57.png"], ["question-resources/image_fFsskYr.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_fFsskYr.png"], ["question-resources/image_7yxkxrh.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_7yxkxrh.png"], ["question-resources/image_TKd4KFA.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_TKd4KFA.png"], ["question-resources/image_qhno0zh.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/image_qhno0zh.png"], ["question-resources/rot_spectrum.jpg", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/rot_spectrum.jpg"], ["question-resources/rot_spectrum_bVm45Fn.jpg", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/rot_spectrum_bVm45Fn.jpg"]], "navigation": {"allowregen": true, "showfrontpage": false, "preventleave": false, "typeendtoleave": false}, "question_groups": [{"pickingStrategy": "all-ordered", "questions": [{"name": "Rotational constant and bond length from line spacing", "tags": [], "metadata": {"description": "The reduced masses are pre-calculated for this question and included in a list. It would be more elegant to program Numbas to permute atoms together to generate diatomic molecules while constraining the permutations to those which are chemically/physically reasonable, so as to allow calculation of each reduced mass directly from the atomic masses- but organising this with high computational efficiency might be a significant programing task (add to \"to do\" list).  ", "licence": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International"}, "statement": "

Given that the interval between two transitions (the {trans_def} transitions) in the microwave spectrum of {HTML} is {line_spacing_output};  

\n\n\n\n", "advice": "

\n

First, revise how the interval between rotational transitions in an observed spectrum (bottom of figure), which is sometimes referred as the \"line spacing\", connects with the transitions between energy levels in a molecule (top of figure). Think about how the transitions listed in the question connect with the figure below; 

\n

\n

\n

\n

a) If presented with a wavenumber, you will need to start by converting this into a frequency while noting that; 

\n

\\[c=\\lambda\\nu\\]

\n

so;  

\n

\\[{\\rm{line~spacing}}~{\\rm{in~Hz}}=\\frac{c}{\\lambda}=c ~({\\rm in~cm~s^{-1}})~\\times~{\\rm wavenumber~of~line~spacing~(in~cm^{-1})}\\]

\n

\n

so the line spacing (in Hz) can be calculated as; 

\n

\\[2.998 \\times 10^{10}~{\\rm cm~s^{-1}}\\times~\\var{wavenumber_line_spacing}~{\\rm cm^{-1}}=\\var{line_spacing_mantissa}~\\times~10^{\\var{line_spacing_log}}~{\\rm Hz}\\]

\n

Noting that the interval between rotational transitions (the line spacing) in the spectrum is equal to 2B, we can say that;  

\n

\\[\\frac{\\rm {line~spacing}}{2} = B\\]

\n

so; 

\n

\\[\\frac{\\var{line_spacing_mantissa}~\\times~10^{\\var{line_spacing_log}}~{\\rm Hz}}{2} = \\var{B_value2_mantissa}\\times 10^{\\var{B_value2_log}}~{\\rm Hz}=B\\]

\n

\n

(b) Next, calculate the moment of inertia, I

\n

\\[I=\\frac{h}{8\\pi^{2}B}\\]

\n

\\[I=\\frac{h}{8\\pi^{2}B}=\\frac{6.626~\\times~10^{-34}{\\rm~J~s}}{8\\pi^{2}~\\times\\var{B_value2_mantissa}\\times 10^{\\var{B_value2_log}}~{\\rm Hz}}=\\var{mantissa_inertia_x}\\times ~10^{\\var {log_inertia_x}}~{\\rm kg~m^{2}}\\]

\n

(b) To calculate the reduced mass in g mol-1, where m1 is the mass of the first atom and m2 is the mass of the second atom, each expressed in units of g mol-1

\n

\\[\\frac{m_{1}~\\times~m_{2}}{m{_1}+m_{2}}=\\var{reduced_mass}~\\rm g~mol^{-1}\\]

\n

(c) To calculate the reduced mass in kg molecule-1, divide the reduced mass in g mol-1 by (the Avogadro number multiplied by 1000 g kg-1)

\n

\\[\\frac{\\var{reduced_mass}~\\rm {g~mol^{-1}}}{1000~{\\rm g~kg^{-1}}~\\times~6.022~\\times~10^{23}~{\\rm molecules~mol^{-1}}}=\\var{mantissa_reduced_mass_kg}\\times 10^{\\var{log_reduced_mass_kg}}\\rm ~kg~ molecule^{-1}\\]

\n

(d) To determine the bond length from the moment of inertia and reduced mass;

\n

\\[I=\\mu~r^{2}~~~~~~~~~~{\\rm so}~~~~~~~~~ r=\\sqrt{\\frac{I}{\\mu}}\\]  

\n

\\[r=\\sqrt{\\frac{I}{\\mu}}=\\sqrt{\\frac{\\var{mantissa_inertia_x}\\times ~10^{\\var {log_inertia_x}}}{\\var{mantissa_reduced_mass_kg}\\times 10^{\\var{log_reduced_mass_kg}}}}=\\var{bond_length_angstroms}\\times10^{-10}~{\\rm m}=\\var{bond_length_angstroms}~{\\unicode{x212B}}\\]  

\n

\n

", "rulesets": {"": []}, "extensions": [], "builtin_constants": {"e": true, "pi,\u03c0": true, "i": true}, "constants": [], "variables": {"bond_length_angstroms": {"name": "bond_length_angstroms", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "siground(((mantissa_inertia_x*10^(log_inertia_x)*10^(20)*1000)/((get((rot_constants[randomiser]),\"reduced mass\",0))/(6.022*10^(23))))^(0.5),5)", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "units_html": {"name": "units_html", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "[\n (\n html(\"\"+\"cm\"+\"\"+\"-1\"+\"\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"Hz\"+\"\")\n )\n]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "log_inertia_x": {"name": "log_inertia_x", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "floor(log(Inertia_x))+(-47)", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "Molecule_identifiers": {"name": "Molecule_identifiers", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "[\n (\n html(\"\"+\"H\"+\"\"+\"35\"+\"\"+\"Cl\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"H\"+\"\"+\"81\"+\"\"+\"Br\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"H\"+\"I\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"Na\"+\"\"+\"35\"+\"\"+\"Cl\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"Na\"+\"\"+\"79\"+\"\"+\"Br\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"Li\"+\"F\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"Li\"+\"\"+\"35\"+\"\"+\"Cl\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"\"+\"63\"+\"\"+\"Cu\"+\"F\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"\"+\"63\"+\"\"+\"Cu\"+\"\"+\"35\"+\"\"+\"Cl\"+\"\")\n )\n]", "description": "

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "reduced_mass_kg": {"name": "reduced_mass_kg", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "siground((reduced_mass/6.022),3)", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "trans_def": {"name": "trans_def", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "random(\n html(\"\"+\"J = \"+\"3\"+\" → \"+\"2\"+\" and the \"+\"J = \"+\"2\"+\" → \"+\"1\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"J = \"+\"1\"+\" → \"+\"0\"+\" and the \"+\"J = \"+\"2\"+\" → \"+\"1\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+\"J = \"+\"3\"+\" → \"+\"2\"+\" and the \"+\"J = \"+\"4\"+\" → \"+\"3\"+\"\")\n)\n", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "log_reduced_mass_kg": {"name": "log_reduced_mass_kg", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "floor(log(reduced_mass_kg))+(-26)", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "B_value": {"name": "B_value", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "B_list[randomiser_units]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "line_spacing_html": {"name": "line_spacing_html", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "[\n (\n html(\"\"+{wavenumber_line_spacing}+\" \"+\"cm\"+\"\"+\"-1\"+\"\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+{line_spacing_mantissa}+\" \"+\"× \"+\"10\"+\"\"+{line_spacing_log}+\"\"+\" \"+\"Hz\"+\"\")\n )\n]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "log_angstroms": {"name": "log_angstroms", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "-10", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "mantissa_reduced_mass_kg": {"name": "mantissa_reduced_mass_kg", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "reduced_mass_kg/(10^(floor(log(reduced_mass_kg))))", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "rot_constants": {"name": "rot_constants", "group": "Chemical element masses", "definition": "json_decode(safe(\"[\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"H35Cl\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":0.979592539,\\\"nu\\\":2990.946,\\\"B\\\":1.059341600000000e+001,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"7647010\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"1979HUB/HER\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"H81Br\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":0.995426835,\\\"nu\\\":2648.975,\\\"Comment\\\":\\\"Be\\\",\\\"B\\\":8.464880000000001e+000,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"10035106\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"webbook\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"HI\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":0.999884347,\\\"nu\\\":2309.01,\\\"B\\\":6.426365000000000e+000,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"C\\\":\\\"6.426365000000000e+000\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"10034852\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"webbook\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"Na35Cl\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":13.87068615,\\\"nu\\\":366,\\\"B\\\":2.180630000000000e-001,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"7647145\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"2007Iri:389\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"Na79Br\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":17.80343514,\\\"nu\\\":302,\\\"Comment\\\":\\\"Be\\\",\\\"B\\\":1.512533000000000e-001,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"C\\\":\\\"1.512533000000000e-001\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"7647156\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"webbook\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"LiF\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":5.123810029,\\\"Comment\\\":\\\"7Li\\\",\\\"nu\\\":910.34,\\\"B\\\":1.345257590000000e+000,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"C\\\":\\\"1.345257590000000e+000\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"7789244\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"NISTdiatomic\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"Li35Cl\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":5.843574224,\\\"nu\\\":643.31,\\\"B\\\":7.065225000000001e-001,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"7447418\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"2007Iri:389\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"63CuF\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":14.59283587,\\\"Comment\\\":\\\"Y01\\\",\\\"nu\\\":622.6,\\\"B\\\":3.794029400000000e-001,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"C\\\":\\\"3.794029400000000e-001\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"13478416\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"NISTdiatomic\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linera\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"},\\n{\\\"Formula\\\":\\\"63Cu35Cl\\\",\\\"reduced mass\\\":22.47814771,\\\"Comment\\\":\\\"63Cu 35Cl\\\",\\\"nu\\\":415.29,\\\"B\\\":1.782489000000000e-001,\\\"charge\\\":\\\"0\\\",\\\"C\\\":\\\"1.782489000000000e-001\\\",\\\"symno\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"casno\\\":\\\"7758896\\\",\\\"SQUIB\\\":\\\"NISTdiatomic\\\",\\\"state\\\":\\\"1\\\",\\\"polyatomic\\\":\\\"linear\\\",\\\"config\\\":\\\"1\\\"}\\n]\"))", "description": "

Rotational constants data from;

\n

<https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/nist-computational-chemistry-comparison-and-benchmark-database-srd-101>

\n

augmented with reduced masses calculated from IUPAC Green Book. 

\n\n

\n\n

\n\n\n", "templateType": "json", "can_override": false}, "B_list": {"name": "B_list", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "[\n (siground((get((rot_constants[randomiser]),\"B\",0)),4)),\n (siground((get((rot_constants[randomiser]),\"B\",0))*3*10^10,4))\n]", "description": "

\n\n\n\n\n\n", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "randomiser": {"name": "randomiser", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "random(0..8)", "description": "

\n

0 = html(\"<span>\"+\"H\"+\"<sup>\"+\"35\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Cl\"+\"</span>\"),
1 = html(\"<span>\"+\"H\"+\"<sup>\"+\"81\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Br\"+\"</span>\"),
2 = html(\"<span>\"+\"H\"+\"I\"+\"</span>\"),
3 = html(\"<span>\"+\"Na\"+\"<sup>\"+\"35\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Cl\"+\"</span>\"),
4 = html(\"<span>\"+\"Na\"+\"<sup>\"+\"79\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Br\"+\"</span>\"),
5 = html(\"<span>\"+\"Li\"+\"F\"+\"</span>\"),
6 = html(\"<span>\"+\"Li\"+\"<sup>\"+\"35\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Cl\"+\"</span>\"),
7 = html(\"<span>\"+\"<sup>\"+\"63\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Cu\"+\"F\"+\"</span>\"),
8 = html(\"<span>\"+\"<sup>\"+\"63\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Cu\"+\"<sup>\"+\"35\"+\"</sup>\"+\"Cl\"+\"</span>\")

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "B_value2_mantissa": {"name": "B_value2_mantissa", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "B_list[1]/(10^(B_value2_log))", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "B_html_rotconst": {"name": "B_html_rotconst", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "[\n (\n html(\"\"+{B_value}+\" \"+\"cm\"+\"\"+\"-1\"+\"\"+\"\"),\n html(\"\"+{B_value2_mantissa}+\" \"+\"× \"+\"10\"+\"\"+{B_value2_log}+\"\"+\" \"+\"Hz\"+\"\")\n )\n]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "HTML": {"name": "HTML", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "Molecule_identifiers[randomiser]", "description": "

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "B_value2_log": {"name": "B_value2_log", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "floor(log(B_list[1]))", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "Inertia_x": {"name": "Inertia_x", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "siground((6.626*10^(13))/(8*(3.14^2)*(B_list[1])),4)", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "line_spacing_output": {"name": "line_spacing_output", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "line_spacing_html[randomiser_units]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "reduced_mass": {"name": "reduced_mass", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "siground(get((rot_constants[randomiser]),\"reduced mass\",0),4)", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "wavenumber_line_spacing": {"name": "wavenumber_line_spacing", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "2*B_list[0]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "line_spacing_log": {"name": "line_spacing_log", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "floor(log(line_spacing[1]))", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "B_html_rotconst_output": {"name": "B_html_rotconst_output", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "B_html_rotconst[randomiser_units]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "line_spacing": {"name": "line_spacing", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "[2*B_list[0],2*B_list[1]]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "mantissa_inertia_x": {"name": "mantissa_inertia_x", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "precround(Inertia_x/(10^floor(log(Inertia_x))),3)", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "line_spacing_mantissa": {"name": "line_spacing_mantissa", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "line_spacing[1]/(10^(line_spacing_log))", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "randomiser_units": {"name": "randomiser_units", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "random(0..1)", "description": "

randomi

\n\n\n\n\n\n", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}, "units_output": {"name": "units_output", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "units_html[randomiser_units]", "description": "", "templateType": "anything", "can_override": false}}, "variablesTest": {"condition": "", "maxRuns": "200"}, "ungrouped_variables": ["randomiser", "Molecule_identifiers", "HTML", "randomiser_units", "B_list", "wavenumber_line_spacing", "B_value", "B_value2_mantissa", "B_html_rotconst_output", "B_html_rotconst", "B_value2_log", "units_html", "units_output", "Inertia_x", "log_inertia_x", "mantissa_inertia_x", "bond_length_angstroms", "log_angstroms", "reduced_mass", "reduced_mass_kg", "mantissa_reduced_mass_kg", "log_reduced_mass_kg", "line_spacing", "line_spacing_mantissa", "line_spacing_log", "line_spacing_html", "line_spacing_output", "trans_def"], "variable_groups": [{"name": "Chemical element masses", "variables": ["rot_constants"]}], "functions": {"": {"parameters": [], "type": "number", "language": "jme", "definition": ""}, "isotope_name": {"parameters": [["atom", "dict"]], "type": "string", "language": "jme", "definition": "(\"\"+(if(atom[\"isotope\"]<>\"\",\"\"+string(atom[\"isotope\"])+\"\",\"\")+atom[\"symbol\"])+\"\")"}, "molecule_name": {"parameters": [["atoms", "list"]], "type": "number", "language": "jme", "definition": "html(join(map(isotope_name(atom),atom,atoms),\"\"))"}}, "preamble": {"js": "", "css": ""}, "parts": [{"type": "gapfill", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 0, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "student_significand (The significand as the student entered it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[0],\"en\")\n\nsignificand_size (If student's significand is written a*10^n, 1<=a<10, this is n):\n floor(log(abs(student_significand)))\n\nstudent_exponent (The exponent as the student wrote it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[1],\"en\")\n\nadjusted_exponent (The exponent of the student's number, taking into account the size of their significand): \n student_exponent + significand_size\n\nadjusted_significand (The student's significand, scaled into the range 1..10):\n student_significand/(10^significand_size)\n\nsignificand_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted significand: mark gap 0):\n feedback(\"Significand:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_significand), gaps[0][\"settings\"],gaps[0][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nexponent_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted exponent: mark gap 1):\n feedback(\"Exponent:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_exponent), gaps[1][\"settings\"],gaps[1][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nmark:\n apply(significand_feedback);\n apply(exponent_feedback)\n\ninterpreted_answer: [adjusted_significand, adjusted_exponent]", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": false, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "prompt": "

Enter the rotational constant, B, in units of Hz; 

\n

[[0]] $\\times$ 10[[1]]

\n\n\n\n", "gaps": [{"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{B_value2_mantissa}-{B_value2_mantissa}/50", "maxValue": "{B_value2_mantissa}+{B_value2_mantissa}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}, {"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{B_value2_log}-{B_value2_log}/50", "maxValue": "{B_value2_log}+{B_value2_log}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}], "sortAnswers": false}, {"type": "gapfill", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 0, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "student_significand (The significand as the student entered it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[0],\"en\")\n\nsignificand_size (If student's significand is written a*10^n, 1<=a<10, this is n):\n floor(log(abs(student_significand)))\n\nstudent_exponent (The exponent as the student wrote it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[1],\"en\")\n\nadjusted_exponent (The exponent of the student's number, taking into account the size of their significand): \n student_exponent + significand_size\n\nadjusted_significand (The student's significand, scaled into the range 1..10):\n student_significand/(10^significand_size)\n\nsignificand_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted significand: mark gap 0):\n feedback(\"Significand:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_significand), gaps[0][\"settings\"],gaps[0][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nexponent_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted exponent: mark gap 1):\n feedback(\"Exponent:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_exponent), gaps[1][\"settings\"],gaps[1][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nmark:\n apply(significand_feedback);\n apply(exponent_feedback)\n\ninterpreted_answer: [adjusted_significand, adjusted_exponent]", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": false, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "prompt": "

The moment of inertia, I, is [[0]] $\\times$ 10[[1]] kg m2.

\n

", "gaps": [{"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{mantissa_inertia_x}-{mantissa_inertia_x}/50", "maxValue": "{mantissa_inertia_x}+{mantissa_inertia_x}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}, {"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{log_inertia_x}+{log_inertia_x}/50", "maxValue": "{log_inertia_x}-{log_inertia_x}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}], "sortAnswers": false}, {"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "prompt": "

What is the reduced mass, $\\mu$, in units of g mol-1?

", "minValue": "{reduced_mass}-{reduced_mass}/50", "maxValue": "{reduced_mass}+{reduced_mass}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}, {"type": "gapfill", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 0, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "student_significand (The significand as the student entered it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[0],\"en\")\n\nsignificand_size (If student's significand is written a*10^n, 1<=a<10, this is n):\n floor(log(abs(student_significand)))\n\nstudent_exponent (The exponent as the student wrote it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[1],\"en\")\n\nadjusted_exponent (The exponent of the student's number, taking into account the size of their significand): \n student_exponent + significand_size\n\nadjusted_significand (The student's significand, scaled into the range 1..10):\n student_significand/(10^significand_size)\n\nsignificand_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted significand: mark gap 0):\n feedback(\"Significand:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_significand), gaps[0][\"settings\"],gaps[0][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nexponent_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted exponent: mark gap 1):\n feedback(\"Exponent:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_exponent), gaps[1][\"settings\"],gaps[1][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nmark:\n apply(significand_feedback);\n apply(exponent_feedback)\n\ninterpreted_answer: [adjusted_significand, adjusted_exponent]", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "prompt": "

The reduced mass, $\\mu$, is [[0]] $\\times$ 10[[1]] kg molecule-1.

", "gaps": [{"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{mantissa_reduced_mass_kg}-{mantissa_reduced_mass_kg}/50", "maxValue": "{mantissa_reduced_mass_kg}+{mantissa_reduced_mass_kg}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}, {"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{log_reduced_mass_kg}+{log_reduced_mass_kg}/50", "maxValue": "{log_reduced_mass_kg}-{log_reduced_mass_kg}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}], "sortAnswers": false}, {"type": "gapfill", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 0, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "student_significand (The significand as the student entered it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[0],\"en\")\n\nsignificand_size (If student's significand is written a*10^n, 1<=a<10, this is n):\n floor(log(abs(student_significand)))\n\nstudent_exponent (The exponent as the student wrote it):\n parsenumber(studentanswer[1],\"en\")\n\nadjusted_exponent (The exponent of the student's number, taking into account the size of their significand): \n student_exponent + significand_size\n\nadjusted_significand (The student's significand, scaled into the range 1..10):\n student_significand/(10^significand_size)\n\nsignificand_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted significand: mark gap 0):\n feedback(\"Significand:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_significand), gaps[0][\"settings\"],gaps[0][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nexponent_feedback (Feedback on the adjusted exponent: mark gap 1):\n feedback(\"Exponent:\");\n let(result,apply_marking_script(\"numberentry\",string(adjusted_exponent), gaps[1][\"settings\"],gaps[1][\"marks\"]),\n concat_feedback(result[\"mark\"][\"feedback\"],0.5)\n )\n\nmark:\n apply(significand_feedback);\n apply(exponent_feedback)\n\ninterpreted_answer: [adjusted_significand, adjusted_exponent]", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": false, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "prompt": "

The bond length, r, is [[0]] $\\times$ 10[[1]] m.

", "gaps": [{"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{bond_length_angstroms}-{bond_length_angstroms}/50", "maxValue": "{bond_length_angstroms}+{bond_length_angstroms}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}, {"type": "numberentry", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "minValue": "{log_angstroms}+{log_angstroms}/50", "maxValue": "{log_angstroms}-{log_angstroms}/50", "correctAnswerFraction": false, "allowFractions": false, "mustBeReduced": false, "mustBeReducedPC": 0, "displayAnswer": "", "showFractionHint": true, "notationStyles": ["plain", "en", "si-en"], "correctAnswerStyle": "plain"}], "sortAnswers": false}], "partsMode": "all", "maxMarks": 0, "objectives": [], "penalties": [], "objectiveVisibility": "always", "penaltyVisibility": "always", "contributors": [{"name": "Nick Walker", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/2416/"}, {"name": "Hanno Kossen", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/2434/"}]}]}], "contributors": [{"name": "Nick Walker", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/2416/"}, {"name": "Hanno Kossen", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/2434/"}]}