// Numbas version: finer_feedback_settings {"name": "SP hiccup hiccough ngram (8)", "extensions": [], "custom_part_types": [], "resources": [["question-resources/hiccup_hiccough_ngram_1200.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/hiccup_hiccough_ngram_1200.png"], ["question-resources/hiccup_hiccough_ngram_900_avVaspQ.png", "/srv/numbas/media/question-resources/hiccup_hiccough_ngram_900_avVaspQ.png"]], "navigation": {"allowregen": true, "showfrontpage": false, "preventleave": false, "typeendtoleave": false}, "question_groups": [{"pickingStrategy": "all-ordered", "questions": [{"name": "SP hiccup hiccough ngram (8)", "tags": ["LANTITE"], "metadata": {"description": "

Used for LANTITE preparation (Australia). SP = Statistics & Probability strand. Students are shown an ngram and asked one of eight possible questions.

", "licence": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International"}, "statement": "

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Percentage of grade 6 pupils reaching reading proficiency levels— Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Percentage of grade 6 pupils reaching reading proficiency levels— Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational \n

The table below shows average annual expenditure on eating out in Australia in 2016

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, broken down by establishment type and state. The average annual expenditure was calculated by dividing total revenues by the number of households in the state.

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Source: http://www.the-drop.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/EatingOutinAustralia_2017_Respondent-Summary.compressed.pdf

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The table below shows average annual expenditure on eating out in Australia in 2016

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, broken down by establishment type and state. The average annual expenditure was calculated by dividing total revenues by the number of households in the state.

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Source: http://www.the-drop.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/EatingOutinAustralia_2017_Respondent-Summary.compressed.pdf

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The ngram below charts the frequency with which the spellings 'hiccup' and 'hiccough' appear in English language publications in the three-hundred year period from 1700 AD.

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The vertical axis measures the percentage of the specific words compared to all words published.\"

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^{https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=hiccup%2Chiccough&year_start=1700&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Chiccup%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Chiccough%3B%2Cc0}

", "advice": "

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General Advice:

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Study the graph carefully. Examine the axes and labels.

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Then, read the question carefully and identify which part of the graph it is referring to. Does it refer to the red line, the blue line, or both?

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Read the question again, to double-check that you have interpreted it correctly.

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Specific Advice:

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{advice}

", "rulesets": {}, "extensions": [], "variables": {"wrong3": {"name": "wrong3", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "scenario[\"distractor3\"]", "description": "

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The third incorrect answer (distractor) for the randomly chosen scenario.

", "templateType": "anything"}, "scenarios": {"name": "scenarios", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "json_decode(safe(\"[\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"During which decade did the spelling \\'hiccup\\' experience the greatest increase in usage?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"1760 - 1770\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"1740 - 1750\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"1780 - 1790\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"1980 - 1990\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Check each decade given and determine in which one the blue \\'hiccup\\' line went up the most.
Of the decades given, the decade with the greatest increase in usage was 1760 - 1770.\\\"\\n },\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"During which period did the spelling \\'hiccup\\' experience the least variation in usage?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"1940 - 1960\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"1860 - 1880\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"1700 - 1720\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"1920 - 1940\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Check each time period given and determine in which one the blue \\'hiccup\\' line remained the flattest.
Of the periods given, the one with the least variation in usage was 1940 - 1960.\\\"\\n },\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"During which decade did the spelling \\'hiccough\\' experience the largest decline in popularity?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"1780 - 1790\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"1880 - 1890\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"1740 - 1750\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"1910 - 1920\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Check each decade given and determine in which one the red \\'hiccough\\' line went down the most.
Of the decades given, the decade with the largest decline in usage was 1780 - 1790.\\\"\\n },\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"Out of the ten million words published in 1800, approximately how many times did \\'hiccup\\' appear?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"4\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"40\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"400\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"4000\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Locate the \\'hiccup\\' line for 1800, and read the relative proportion from the vertical axis. It is close to 0.00004%.
Then calculate 0.00004% of 10 000 000 (0.00004 \u00f7 100 x 10 000 000).
This gives 4, which is surprisingly small.
The word \\'hiccup\\' appeared four times out of the ten million words published in 1800.\\\"\\n },\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"Out of the hundred million words published in 1860, approximately how many times did \\'hiccough\\' appear?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"30\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"3\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"300\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"3000\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Locate the \\'hiccough\\' line for 1860, and read the relative proportion from the vertical axis.It is close to 0.00003%.
Then calculate 0.00003% of 100 000 000 (0.00003 \u00f7 100 x 100 000 000).
This gives 30, which is surprisingly small.
The word \\'hiccough\\' appeared thirty times out of the hundred million words published in 1860.\\\"\\n },\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"For the period 1750 - 2000, what proportion of the time was \\'hiccough\\' the more popular spelling?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"40%\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"25%\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"30%\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"50%\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Determine for how many years between 1750 and 2000, the red \\'hiccough\\' line is above the blue \\'hiccup\\' line.
It is above for roughly 100 years out of the 250 year timespan.
Then convert 100/250 to a percentage (100 \u00f7 250 x 100%). This gives an answer of 40%.
So \\'hiccough\\' was the more popular spelling during 40% of the period 1750 - 2000.\\\"\\n },\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"If the trend with \\'hiccup\\' from 1980 - 2000 continues, and \\'hiccough\\' remains stable at the 1980 - 2000 average level, approximately how many times more frequently would you expect \\'hiccup\\' than \\'hiccough\\' to occur in 2020?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"6\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"5\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"4\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"3\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Between 1980 and 2000, \\'hiccough\\' was fairly stable at around 0.000005%.
Between 1980 and 2000, \\'hiccup\\' increased from 0.00001% to 0.00002%.
If it continues at the same rate, it should reach 0.00003% by 2020.
0.00003 \u00f7 0.000005 = 6.
So \\'hiccup\\' will occur 6 times as frequently as \\'hiccough\\' by the year 2020.\\\"\\n },\\n {\\n \\\"question\\\":\\\"In which year did the spellings \\'hiccup\\' and \\'hiccough\\' appear in very similar proportions?\\\",\\n \\\"answer\\\":\\\"1960\\\",\\n \\\"distractor1\\\":\\\"1940\\\",\\n \\\"distractor2\\\":\\\"1920\\\",\\n \\\"distractor3\\\":\\\"1900\\\",\\n \\\"feedback\\\":\\\"Check each given year and look for the year where the two lines are closest together.
The year where this occurs is 1960.
So the spellings \\'hiccup\\' and \\'hiccough\\' appear in very similar proportions in 1960.\\\"\\n }\\n]\"))", "description": "

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The question statement, correct answer, three distractors and specific feedback for each of the eight possible questions.

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The correct answer for the randomly chosen scenario.

", "templateType": "anything"}, "scenario": {"name": "scenario", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "random(scenarios)", "description": "

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The randomly chosen scenario, consisting of question statement, correct answer, Advice and three distractors.

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The question statement for the randomly chosen scenario.

", "templateType": "anything"}, "wrong2": {"name": "wrong2", "group": "Ungrouped variables", "definition": "scenario[\"distractor2\"]", "description": "

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The second incorrect answer (distractor) for the randomly chosen scenario.

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The first incorrect answer (distractor) for the randomly chosen scenario.

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Specific feedback based on the selected question.

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{questionwording}

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