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{"name": "Integration: By Substitution 4b", "extensions": [], "custom_part_types": [], "resources": [], "navigation": {"allowregen": true, "showfrontpage": false, "preventleave": false, "typeendtoleave": false}, "question_groups": [{"pickingStrategy": "all-ordered", "questions": [{"name": "Integration: By Substitution 4b", "tags": [], "metadata": {"description": "<p>Calculating the integral of a function of the form $\\cos(x) \\sin^2(x)$ using integration by substitution.</p>", "licence": "None specified"}, "statement": "<p>Calculate \\[ \\simplify{int(cos(x) sin(x)^2,x)}\\]</p>\n<p></p>\n<p></p>", "advice": "<p>Since this integral is of the form \\[ \\int&nbsp; \\,g'(x)f(g(x))\\,dx,\\] we can use the method of substitution to solve it.&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Firstly, we must make a change of variables from $x$ to $u$, where $u$ is equal to the 'inner' function, $g(x)$.</p>\n<p>So, for \\[\\simplify{int(cos(x)sin(x)^2,x)}\\]</p>\n<p>let $\\color{red}{u=\\sin(x)}.$</p>\n<p>Now, we need to calculate the differential, $du$, where \\[ du = \\left(\\frac{du}{dx}\\right)dx. \\]</p>\n<p>Differentiating $u$ with respect to $x$:</p>\n<p>\\[ \\frac{du}{dx}= \\cos(x).\\]</p>\n<p>Therefore, \\[ \\color{blue}{du = \\simplify{cos(x)}\\, dx}.\\]</p>\n<p>We can now rewrite the original integral in terms of $u$:</p>\n<p>\\[ \\int \\color{blue}{\\cos(x)}\\color{red}{\\sin}^2\\color{red}{(x)}\\color{blue}{\\text{d}x} = \\int \\color{red}{u}^2\\color{blue}{\\text{d}u} \\]</p>\n<p><strong>(Note: It is important to see that both the function we are integrating, and the variable we are integrating with respect to, has changed.)</strong></p>\n<p>Calculating the integral in terms of $u$:</p>\n<p><strong></strong>\\[ \\simplify[fractionNumbers]{int(u^2,u) = u^3/3&nbsp;+ c}.\\]</p>\n<p>Finally, we must rewrite our solution back in terms of the original variable $x$:</p>\n<p>\\[ \\simplify[fractionNumbers]{u^3/3 + c =&nbsp;1/3 sin(x)^3 + c}.\\]</p>\n<p></p>", "rulesets": {}, "extensions": [], "builtin_constants": {"e": true, "pi,\u03c0": true, "i": true}, "constants": [], "variables": {}, "variablesTest": {"condition": "", "maxRuns": "100"}, "ungrouped_variables": [], "variable_groups": [], "functions": {}, "preamble": {"js": "", "css": ""}, "parts": [{"type": "gapfill", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": 0, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "prompt": "<p>[[0]]</p>", "gaps": [{"type": "jme", "useCustomName": true, "customName": "Gap 0", "marks": 1, "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "showCorrectAnswer": true, "showFeedbackIcon": true, "variableReplacements": [], "variableReplacementStrategy": "originalfirst", "nextParts": [], "suggestGoingBack": false, "adaptiveMarkingPenalty": 0, "exploreObjective": null, "alternatives": [{"type": "jme", "useCustomName": false, "customName": "", "marks": "1", "scripts": {}, "customMarkingAlgorithm": "", "extendBaseMarkingAlgorithm": true, "unitTests": [], "alternativeFeedbackMessage": "", "useAlternativeFeedback": false, "answer": "1/3 sin^3(x)+c", "answerSimplification": "fractionNumbers, basic, unitFactor", "showPreview": true, "checkingType": "absdiff", "checkingAccuracy": "0.01", "failureRate": 1, "vsetRangePoints": 5, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkVariableNames": false, "singleLetterVariables": false, "allowUnknownFunctions": true, "implicitFunctionComposition": false, "caseSensitive": false, "valuegenerators": [{"name": "c", "value": ""}, {"name": "sin", "value": ""}, {"name": "x", "value": ""}]}], "answer": "1/3 sin(x)^3+c", "answerSimplification": "all", "showPreview": true, "checkingType": "absdiff", "checkingAccuracy": "0.01", "failureRate": 1, "vsetRangePoints": 5, "vsetRange": [0, 1], "checkVariableNames": false, "singleLetterVariables": false, "allowUnknownFunctions": true, "implicitFunctionComposition": false, "caseSensitive": false, "valuegenerators": [{"name": "c", "value": ""}, {"name": "x", "value": ""}]}], "sortAnswers": false}], "partsMode": "all", "maxMarks": 0, "objectives": [], "penalties": [], "objectiveVisibility": "always", "penaltyVisibility": "always", "contributors": [{"name": "Ben McGovern", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/4872/"}]}]}], "contributors": [{"name": "Ben McGovern", "profile_url": "https://numbas.mathcentre.ac.uk/accounts/profile/4872/"}]}