// Numbas version: exam_results_page_options {"name": "copy of Matrix products and transposes (same as WBQ 1.31)", "extensions": [], "custom_part_types": [], "resources": [], "navigation": {"allowregen": true, "showfrontpage": false, "preventleave": false, "typeendtoleave": false}, "question_groups": [{"pickingStrategy": "all-ordered", "questions": [{"name": "copy of Matrix products and transposes (same as WBQ 1.31)", "tags": ["associativity", "matrix multiplication", "transpose"], "metadata": {"description": "

A combination of tasks: checking which matrix products exist, calculating some of these products, calculating transpose matrices. Comparing product of transpose with transpose of product. Experiencing associativity of matrix multiplication. Not much randomisation, only in which matrix product is computed as second option.

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Comprehensive solution written out in Advice.

", "licence": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International"}, "statement": "

Let \\(A=\\var{A}\\), \\(B=\\var{B}\\), \\(C=\\var{C}\\), \\(D=\\var{D}\\), \\(E=\\var{F}\\).

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You will be asked to

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When you have finished the calculations, think about what you have noticed and how this links to the theory from lectures. You can discuss this part in your Feedback Sessions.

", "advice": "

Which product exists?

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We can multiply an \\(m\\times k\\) matrix and a \\(k\\times n\\) matrix, i.e. the number of columns of the first matrix and the number of rows of the second matrix have to match. The resulting product has size \\(m\\times n\\).

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\\(A\\) has size \\(3\\times 2\\), \\(B\\) has size \\(2\\times 2\\), so \\(AB\\) exists but \\(BA\\) doesn't.

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\\(C\\) has size \\(2\\times 3\\), so both \\(AC\\) and \\(CA\\) exist.

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\\(D\\) hase size \\(3\\times 3\\), so \\(AD\\) doesn't exist but \\(DA\\) exists.

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Compute some matrix products

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To compute the product, we work out \"row \\(i\\) of first matrix times column \\(j\\) of second matrix\" for each entry \\(i,j\\) of the product, for example:

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\\[\\var{generalA}\\var{generalB}=\\var{generalAB}.\\]

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So we have:

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\\(AB=\\var{A}\\var{B}=\\var{unresolvedAB}=\\var{A*B}\\)

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and

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\\(\\var{firstmatrixname}\\var{secondmatrixname}=\\var{firstmatrix}\\var{secondmatrix}=\\var{unresolvedRandomProduct}=\\var{firstmatrix*secondmatrix}\\)

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Transpose a matrix

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When we transpose a matrix, we switch rows and columns: \\((A^T)_{ij}=A_{ji}\\).

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\\[A^T=\\var{transpose(A)}, \\quad B^T=\\var{transpose(B)}, \\quad  C^T=\\var{transpose(C)}, \\quad D^T=\\var{transpose(D)}, \\quad E^T=\\var{transpose(F)}.\\]

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You can see that \\(A^T\\) has size \\(2\\times 3\\) and \\(B^T\\) has size \\(2\\times 2\\), so now \\(A^TB^T\\) does not exist as the middle sizes don't match, but \\(B^TA^T\\) exists.

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Compute further products

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\\(B^TA^T=\\var{unresolvedBTAT}=\\var{transpose(B)*transpose(A)}\\)

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Notice that \\(B^TA^T=(AB)^T\\). This is a general rule. So since \\(BA\\) does not exist, \\((BA)^T=A^TB^T\\) also does not exist.

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\\(A(BC)=\\var{A}\\var{B*C}=\\var{A*B*C}\\) and \\((AB)C=\\var{A*B}\\var{C}=\\var{A*B*C}\\). We notice that we get the same answer: matrix multiplication is associative. The point here is to \"experience\" this general rule on an example.

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\\(CC^T=\\var{C}\\var{transpose(C)}=\\var{unresolvedCCT}=\\var{C*transpose(C)}\\).

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Made so that firstmatrix times secondmatrix is one of AC, CA, DA.

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to put into the question text

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to put into the question text

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to print out a 2x2 matrix A in the advice. Size can be changed here

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symbols for the general matrix expressions. For general size it would be:

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repeat(repeat('&',n-1)+['\\\\\\\\'],m-1)+[repeat('&',n-1)+['']]

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to print out a 2x2 matrix B in the advice. Size can be changed here

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to print out a 2x2 matrix A in the advice.

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to print out general product of matrices in Advice.

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rawunresolvedproduct(firstmatrix,secondmatrix,m,k,n)

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Which of these matrix products exist?

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[[0]]

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(You will receive 1 mark for each correct answer and -1 mark for each incorrect answer.)

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Compute \\(AB = \\) [[0]]

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and \\(\\var{firstmatrixname}\\var{secondmatrixname}= \\)[[1]]

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Compute the transposes:

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\\(A^T = \\) [[0]]

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\\(B^T= \\) [[1]]

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\\(C^T= \\) [[2]]

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\\(D^T= \\) [[3]]

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\\(E^T= \\) [[4]]

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Does \\(A^TB^T\\) exist? Does \\(B^TA^T\\) exist? Select which ones exist. [[5]] (You will 1 point for any correct answer and -1 point for any wrong answer.)

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Compute

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\\(B^TA^T= \\) [[0]]

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Compare \\(B^TA^T\\) and \\(A^TB^T\\) to \\(AB\\) and \\(BA\\). What do you notice? [[1]]

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\\(A(BC)= \\)[[2]]

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\\((AB)C= \\)[[3]]

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\\(CC^T= \\)[[4]]

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You seem to have computed \\(C^TC\\) instead of \\(CC^T\\). Matrix multiplication depends on the order!

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